← The record

EvolocumabRepatha

Recommended CardiovascularRestrictedNot applicable line 💬 consumer voice

Treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH), heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia (non-FH) to reduce LDL cholesterol.

12
Submissions
11 resub
2015–24
On the record
$15k–45k
ICER range
4 sourced ICERs · 2016–2022
Not modelled
Cost basis

Decisions on record

12 decisions
  • Meeting Mar 2024 Recommended Hypercholesterolaemia
  • Meeting Jul 2022 Recommended Hypercholesterolaemia with LDL-C 1.8-2.6 mmol/L despite optimised statin and ezetimibe treatment
  • Meeting Mar 2021 Recommended Familial and non-familial hypercholesterolaemia
  • Meeting Nov 2020 Not recommended Familial heterozygous hypercholesterolaemia; Non-familial hypercholesterolaemia; Familial homozygous hypercholesterolaemia
  • Meeting Nov 2019 Recommended Hypercholesterolaemia
  • Meeting Jul 2019 Deferred Hypercholesterolaemia
  • Meeting Jul 2018 Not recommended Adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia or clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in combination with a statin or statin with other lipid lowering therapies, or in combination with other lipid-lowering therapies in patients who are statin- intolerant. Adults and adol
  • Meeting Mar 2018 Recommended Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)
4 earlier decisions
  • Nov 2017 Deferred Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH)/ hypercholesterolaemia with symptomatic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) who do not have underlying FH
  • Jul 2017 Recommended Familial homozygous hypercholesterolaemia
  • Mar 2016 Recommended Familial hypercholesterolaemia
  • Mar 2015 Not recommended Hypercholesterolaemia

Access path

12 submissions · public record
  1. TGA registered · Repatha

    TGA label narrower than the PBS population

  2. Mar 2015
    Not recommended

    vs ezetimibe and placebo

  3. ↻ resubmitted
    Mar 2016
    Recommended · restricted
  4. Jul 2017
    Recommended

    Listing: Authority Required → Restricted

  5. Nov 2017
    Deferred

    Listing: Restricted → Authority Required

  6. Mar 2018
    Recommended · restricted

    Comparator changed: ezetimibe, placebo, alirocumab → ezetimibe

  7. Jul 2018
    Not recommended

    Inadequately defined population and eligibility criteria, insufficiently defined atherosclerotic disease, inadequate…

  8. Jul 2019
    Deferred

    Comparator changed: ezetimibe and placebo → placebo

  9. Nov 2019
    Recommended · restricted

    Comparator changed: placebo → atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, ezetimibe

  10. Nov 2020
    Not recommended

    Evolocumab is a relatively new drug with uncertain uptake and financial estimates; it is a novel third-line therapy…

  11. ↻ resubmitted
    Mar 2021
    Recommended

    Listing: Authority Required → Restricted

  12. Jul 2022
    Recommended · restricted

    Evidence: Other → RCT

  13. Mar 2024
    Recommended · restricted

    Evidence: RCT → Cost-minimisation

  14. PBS listing · Restricted
RecommendedDeferredNot recommended

From the public summary

Verbatim · PSD text · may span indications
PBAC outcome
Requested change to the restriction level from Authority Required (telephone/online) to Authority Required (STREAMLINED) for initial treatmentPSD · Mar 2024
6.1 The PBAC recommended changing the restriction level from Authority Required (telephone/online) to Authority Required (STREAMLINED) for the initial treatment listings for evolocumab injection 140 mg in 1 mL single use pre-filled pen and evolocumab injection 420 mg in 3.5 mL single use pre-filled cartridge for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH), heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and non-familial …PSD · Mar 2024
Economic analysis
The submission presented a stepped economic evaluation of evolocumab for the treatment of non-familial hypercholesterolaemia patients with atherosclerotic disease and additional risk factors, who have an LDL-C level between 1.8 andPSD · Jul 2022
2.6 mmol/L despite optimised treatment with statins and ezetimibe. The economic evaluation was based on relative LDL reductions from the FOURIER trial and other modelled variables. The economic evaluation was presented as a cost- effectiveness/cost-utility analysis. 15PSD · Jul 2022
Clinical claim
The submission claimed that evolocumab (plus optimised background treatment) is superior to ‘placebo’ (optimised background treatment) in terms of comparative efficacy and similar in terms of comparative safety in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia or non-familial hypercholesterolaemia with ASCVD and risk factors, who have LDL-C levels between 1.8 and 2.6 mmol/L.PSD · Jul 2022
2.6 mmol/L, based on the same clinical data. The ESC noted that the same proportional benefit was expected to be achieved across different LDL-C percentile ranges (see Table 8 above), with lower absolute treatment benefit expected due to lower baseline risk in the proposed additional patient group.PSD · Jul 2022
Consumer comments
5.2 The PBAC noted and welcomed the input from individuals (1), health care professionals (54) and organisations (1) via the Consumer Comments facility on the PBS website. The comments described a range of benefits of treatment with evolocumab, including: 11PSD · Mar 2024
• its effectiveness in managing hypercholesterolaemia (and subsequently cardiovascular risk), which can be challenging to treat with other medications such as statins and ezetimibe in certain patients.PSD · Mar 2024

Cost-effectiveness

4 sourced ICERs · 2016–2022

Not a full economic submission; Category 3 submission requesting restriction level changes and clinical criteria modifications only.

a ''''''% price reduction, which resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of less than $15,000 - $45,000 per QALY using the revised base case parameters requested by the July 2019 PBAC PSD · 2019
ICER uncertainICER / price too highEconomic model disputedPrice cut / RSA needed ×2Immature survival dataSurrogate endpointCost-effectiveness accepted ×2

Decision context

PopulationAdults with HoFH, HeFH, or non-FH with symptomatic atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or elevated LDL cholesterol despite optimised statin and ezetimibe therapy.

Submission history

12 entries
DecidedOutcomeComparatorICEREvidence
Mar 2024 Recommended · restricted Cost-minimisation
Jul 2022 Recommended · restricted placebo (optimised background treatment) $25k–35k RCT · Surrogate
Mar 2021 Recommended Other
Nov 2020 Not recommended Other
Nov 2019 Recommended · restricted atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, ezetimibe $15k–45k RCT · LDL cholesterol reduction
Jul 2019 Deferred placebo RCT · Surrogate
Jul 2018 Not recommended ezetimibe and placebo RCT · Surrogate
Mar 2018 Recommended · restricted ezetimibe $15k–45k RCT · Other
Nov 2017 Deferred ezetimibe, placebo, alirocumab RCT · Surrogate
Jul 2017 Recommended RCT
Mar 2016 Recommended · restricted ezetimibe and placebo $15k–45k RCT · LDL cholesterol reduction
Mar 2015 Not recommended ezetimibe and placebo RCT · LDL-C

Clinical evidence

Trials cited in the PSDs · ClinicalTrials.gov
TrialPhaseNPrimary outcomeStatus
FOURIER Ph 3 27,564 Time to Cardiovascular Death, Myocardial Infarction, Hospitalization for Unstable Angina, … completed
MENDEL-2 Ph 3 615 Percent Change From Baseline in Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 12 completed
LAPLACE-2 Ph 3 2,067 Percent Change From Baseline in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Week 12 completed
GAUSS-2 Ph 3 307 Percent Change From Baseline in LDL-C at Week 12 completed
RUTHERFORD-2 Ph 3 331 Percent Change From Baseline in LDL-C at Week 12 completed
TESLA Ph 2, PHASE3 58 Part A: Percent Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) at Wee… completed
DESCARTES Ph 3 905 Percent Change From Baseline in LDL-C at Week 52 completed
OSLER-1 Ph 2 1,324 Number of Participants With Adverse Events completed

Codependent tests

MSAC
ServiceBiomarkerMSAC outcomeYear
Genetic testing for heritable mutations associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia germline variants in LDLR, PCSK9, and APOB genes supported 2019

Consumer voice

Mar 2024

Consumer input from 1 individual, 54 healthcare professionals, and 1 organisation described benefits of evolocumab including effectiveness in managing hypercholesterolaemia, good safety and tolerability, easy administration, and improved quality of life. Comments expressed support for Authority Required (STREAMLINED) listing and raised concerns about access delays and the required duration of prio

its effectiveness in managing hypercholesterolaemia (and subsequently cardiovascular risk), which can be challenging to treat with other medications such as statins and ezetimibe in certain patients. Consumer comments · PSD
treatment effectivenesssafety and tolerabilityquality of lifeaccess barrierstreatment burden on prescribersunmet need

Similar precedents

By decision profile

Regulatory · TGA

Label narrower than PBS population — PBAC restricts to patients with symptomatic ASCVD or elevated LDL despite optimised statin-ezetimibe therapy; TGA label includes all primary hypercholesterolaemia.