← The record

CannabidiolEPIDYOLEX

Recommended NeurologyAuthority RequiredNot applicable line 💬 consumer voice

Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (Dravet syndrome) — treatment of generalised tonic-clonic seizures or generalised clonic seizures that are not adequately controlled with at least two other antiseizure medications, as adjunctive therapy.

6
Submissions
4 resub
2020–26
On the record
$75k–95k
ICER range
2 sourced ICERs · 2022
Not modelled
Cost basis

Decisions on record

7 decisions
  • Meeting Mar 2026 Recommended Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (Dravet syndrome)
  • Meeting Jul 2025 Recommended Seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
  • Meeting Sep 2022 Recommended Seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in patients aged 2 years and older inadequately controlled by at least two anti-epileptic drugs no PSD
  • Meeting Jul 2022 Not recommended Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in patients aged 2 years and older not achieving adequate seizure control with at least two anti-epileptic drugs
  • Meeting Mar 2022 Not recommended Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
  • Meeting Nov 2020 Recommended Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; Dravet syndrome no PSD
  • Meeting Jul 2020 Deferred Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) Dravet syndrome (DS)

Access path

6 submissions · public record
  1. TGA registered · EPIDYOLEX

    TGA label narrower than the PBS population

  2. Jul 2020
    Recommended · restricted

    vs placebo plus standard care

  3. Mar 2022
    Not recommended

    Comparator changed: placebo plus standard care → standard care (oral anti-epileptic drugs…

  4. Jul 2022
    Not recommended

    ICER remained high and above acceptable threshold ($75,000–<$95,000 per QALY vs PBAC's requested <$45,000–<$55,000 per…

  5. ↻ resubmitted
    Jul 2022
    Recommended · restricted

    Comparator changed: standard care (oral anti-epileptic drugs and non-pharmacotherapy…

  6. Jul 2025
    Recommended · restricted

    Evidence: RCT → Other

  7. Mar 2026
    Recommended · restricted
  8. PBS listing · Authority Required
RecommendedDeferredNot recommended

From the public summary

Verbatim · PSD text · may span indications
PBAC outcome
5.1 The PBAC recommended amending the restriction level of cannabidiol for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), from Authority Required (Telephone/online PBS Authorities system) to Authority Required (STREAMLINED).PSD · Jul 2025
5.2 The PBAC also recommended the following amendments to the current PBS criteria for cannabidiol in the LGS indication, as proposed in Option 2 of the submission:PSD · Jul 2025
Economic analysis
4.21 No economic analysis was provided, as the submission stated that the proposed changes to the PBS restrictions would not impact the cost-effectiveness of cannabidiol.PSD · Jul 2025
Clinical claim
4.4 The PBAC recalled its previously expressed view that the claim that cannabidiol was of superior comparative effectiveness and inferior comparative safety compared to the nominated comparator (standard care) was reasonable (paragraph 6.19, cannabidiol PSD, March 2022 PBAC meeting).PSD · Jul 2022
Consumer comments
4.3 Epilepsy Action Australia and the Epilepsy Foundation provided input supporting amendments to the PBS restrictions for cannabidiol. Their comments highlighted barriers to accessing EEGs and specialist care, particularly in rural and remote areas, and emphasised the need to allow paediatricians to prescribe cannabidiol and to amend EEG requirements where testing is not feasible, to improve equitable access, reduce financial burden, and ensure timely …PSD · Jul 2025
4.4 The National Paediatric Medicines Forum (NPMF) provided input in support of amending the PBS restrictions for cannabidiol, including lowering the restriction level to Authority Required (STREAMLINED), amending clinical criteria to ease EEG requirements, and allowing paediatricians to prescribe the medication for continuing treatment.PSD · Jul 2025
Financial management – risk sharing
4.17 The PBAC previously advised that a RSA would be required to manage the outstanding uncertainty regarding the dose likely to be used in clinical practice (paragraph 7.10, cannabidiol Minutes, March 2022 PBAC Meeting).PSD · Jul 2022
4.18 The resubmission proposed a % rebate on PBS expenditure that is in excess of the financial estimates outlined in Table 3. The resubmission proposed a % rebate (rather than %) as the resubmission considered there was uncertainty around patient numbers and the potential for use outside the requested indication, ‘given that different definitions of LGS can be applied in clinical practice (e.g., where ‘LGS-like’ conditions are labelled LGS)’.PSD · Jul 2022

Cost-effectiveness

2 sourced ICERs · 2022

No economic analysis was provided. The submission stated that proposed changes to PBS restrictions would not impact cost-effectiveness of cannabidiol, as eligible patient population would likely remain the same.

The PBAC considered this was appropriate as eligible patient population would likely remain the same. PBAC · 2026
ICER / price too highPrice cut / RSA needed

Decision context

PopulationPatients with severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (Dravet syndrome) aged 2 years or older, with generalised tonic-clonic seizures or generalised clonic seizures not adequately controlled with at least two other antiseizure medications, to receive cannabidiol as adjunctive therapy.

Submission history

6 entries
DecidedOutcomeComparatorICEREvidence
Mar 2026 Recommended · restricted Other
Jul 2025 Recommended · restricted Other
Jul 2022 Not recommended standard care $75k–95k RCT · Seizure reduction
Jul 2022 Recommended · restricted standard care $75k–95k RCT
Mar 2022 Not recommended standard care (oral anti-epileptic drugs and non-pharmacotherapy interventions) RCT · drop seizure reduction
Jul 2020 Recommended · restricted placebo plus standard care RCT · Reduction in seizure frequency

Clinical evidence

Trials cited in the PSDs · ClinicalTrials.gov
TrialPhaseNPrimary outcomeStatus
GWPCARE2 Ph 3 199 Change In Convulsive Seizures During The Treatment Period Compared To Baseline completed
GWPCARE1 Part B Ph 3 120 Percentage Change From Baseline In Convulsive Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Perio… completed
GWPCARE3 Ph 3 225 Percentage Change From Baseline In Drop Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period completed
GWPCARE4 Ph 3 171 Percentage Change From Baseline In Drop Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period completed
GWPCARE5 Ph 3 681 Number of Participants With Any Treatment-emergent Adverse Event (TEAE) Occurring in ≥5% o… completed

Consumer voice

Jul 2025

Health care professionals, consumer groups (Epilepsy Action Australia, Epilepsy Foundation), and the National Paediatric Medicines Forum provided input supporting cannabidiol access for LGS patients, highlighting improved seizure control and quality of life, while raising concerns about EEG access barriers in rural and remote areas and advocating for streamlined authority processes and expanded pr

Cannabidiol is generally considered to be well tolerated, with fewer side effects and drug interactions compared to other AEDs. Consumer comments · PSD
seizure control and unmet needquality of life improvementsaccess barriers in rural/remote areasEEG requirement burdentreatment continuityequity of access

Similar precedents

By decision profile

Regulatory · TGA

Label narrower than PBS population — PBAC restricts to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome only, excluding Dravet syndrome covered by TGA label.